Israel launched air raids against Syrian army positions early Wednesday and issued a stark warning to Damascus just hours after a bomb on the occupied Golan Heights wounded four of its soldiers.

The air strikes marked the most serious escalation along the ceasefire line with Syria since the 1973 Middle East War, with Israel's defence minister warning that Damascus would pay a "high price" for helping militants bent on harming the Jewish state.

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had on Tuesday warned that Israel would act "forcefully" to defend itself following the Golan attack.

"The IDF targeted several Syrian army positions which aided and abetted the attack against IDF personnel yesterday," a military statement said, with a spokeswoman confirming the air force had staged bombing raids on the Syrian side of the Golan Heights plateau.

The air raids targeted a Syrian army training facility, a military headquarters and artillery batteries, the statement said.

Military sources confirmed that the air force had carried out four strikes at around 3:00am (0100 GMT).

There was no immediate response from the Syrian military, the spokeswoman said.

The air raids took place 12 hours after four soldiers who were patrolling the Israeli side of the ceasefire line were wounded by a roadside bomb, one of them severely.

It was the third such incident in two weeks along Israel's northern frontier, with Israeli military officials blaming the Syrian army for complicity in the attack.

Two previous attempts to strike soldiers along Israel's northern borders on March 5 and March 14 were blamed on Hezbollah, Lebanon's powerful Shiite movement which fought a bloody war with Israel in 2006.

In a statement issued at dawn, Defence Minister Moshe Yaalon said Israel held the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad accountable for the attack.

"We see the Assad regime as responsible for what is happening under its authority, and if it continues to cooperate with terror elements who seek to harm Israel, we will make it pay a high price," Yaalon said.